Turbocharging technology is mainly divided into three types: single turbocharging, twin turbocharging, and two-stage turbocharging. The single turbocharging system increases the engine's intake pressure through a single turbine, featuring a simple structure and low cost. For example, the Proton S70 is equipped with a 1.5-litre four-cylinder turbocharged engine (181 hp/290 N·m), which is suitable for economy models. Twin turbocharging uses two turbines in parallel or series, commonly found in high-performance models. For instance, the Volkswagen Touareg R-Line's 3.0L V6 twin-turbo engine (340 hp/450 N·m) can reduce turbo lag and improve power response. For example, the Mitsubishi Triton Athlete's 2.4L diesel engine adopts this technology (204 hp/470 N·m), balancing high torque at low speeds and high power output at high speeds. These technologies balance performance and fuel economy through different designs, meeting the diverse needs from family cars to commercial pickup trucks.
