The three main components of an automobile steering system are the steering control mechanism, the steering gear, and the steering linkage mechanism. The steering control mechanism includes the steering wheel, steering shaft, and steering column; the driver transmits operating force to the steering gear by turning the steering wheel. As the core component, the steering gear converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into the swinging motion of the pitman arm or the linear motion of the rack shaft, while amplifying the steering force to reduce the driver's effort. Based on the power source, steering systems are classified as manual steering systems (purely human-operated) or power-assisted steering systems (hydraulic or electric). The latter has higher market penetration locally, being particularly suitable for heavy-duty vehicles or urban driving conditions requiring frequent steering manoeuvres. Regular inspection of steering fluid levels and wear in linkage components is essential for maintaining driving safety.
