Modern vehicles primarily detect driver fatigue through multi-dimensional intelligent monitoring technologies, with the Driver Monitoring System (DMS) serving as the core technology. Equipped with infrared cameras mounted on the A-pillar or above the steering wheel, the system captures facial features in real time and employs AI algorithms to analyze parameters including blink rate (below 12 times per minute), eyelid closure duration (determined as eye closure when EAR values remain below 0.2 for three consecutive frames), and yawning frequency (identified when mouth MAR values exceed 0.5 for over 2 seconds). This is complemented by head pose sensors that monitor abnormal behaviors such as head tilt exceeding 25 degrees or gaze deviation. Concurrently, vehicle systems assess driving stability via steering wheel torque sensors and lane departure warning systems. Premium models further incorporate physiological monitoring capabilities, utilizing embedded sensors in steering wheels or seats to detect cardiac arrhythmias. When continuous driving exceeds 4 hours without breaks, the dashboard displays mandatory warnings, with select models implementing power output restrictions. These technologies are typically integrated into Level 2 or higher autonomous driving systems, operating in conjunction with active safety features like Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) and Lane Keeping Assist (LKA). Nevertheless, drivers should proactively take breaks every 2 hours during actual operation to ensure optimal safety.
