When the power steering system malfunctions, it typically exhibits three characteristic symptoms: stiff steering, abnormal steering noises, and steering fluid leakage. Abnormal steering noises are primarily caused by excessive wear of the stator and rotor inside the steering pump or improper rack-and-pinion adjustment, accompanied by squeaking or metallic grinding sounds. Fluid leakage commonly occurs due to loose connections or deteriorated seals, evidenced by visible oil stains on the ground and decreased power steering fluid levels. A yellow warning light on the dashboard indicates partial power assist failure, while a red light signifies complete system failure requiring immediate repair. Notably, sensor or control unit failures in Electric Power Steering (EPS) systems may produce similar symptoms-for instance, torque sensor failure can cause sudden loss of power assist. Vehicle owners observing these symptoms should avoid continued operation and promptly seek professional diagnosis to prevent damage to critical components like the steering rack or motor.
