The automotive braking system is mainly divided into five major types. The mechanical braking system achieves deceleration through friction, with common drum and disc brakes; the latter has become the mainstream choice due to better heat dissipation and convenient maintenance. The hydraulic braking system uses fluid to transmit braking force, featuring fast response and uniform distribution, and is the most widely adopted type in passenger cars. The pneumatic braking system relies on compressed air, offering strong and reliable braking force, and is specifically designed for heavy commercial vehicles. The electronic braking system integrates sensors and control units, covering functions such as anti-lock braking and traction control, which significantly improves active safety. The regenerative braking system is used in new energy vehicles, converting braking kinetic energy into electrical energy for storage to optimize energy efficiency. Modern vehicles often adopt a combined design, such as an electro-hydraulic hybrid system, which balances precise control and high reliability, while high-performance models may be equipped with ceramic composite brake discs to enhance heat resistance. The selection of a braking system needs to comprehensively consider vehicle positioning, usage environment, and cost-effectiveness to ensure compliance with safety standards and driving needs.
